Russia and its 66 important Details for UPSC, PSC and Other Competitive Exams

Russia and its Details for UPSC
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Russia and its Details Like , Capital, GDP, Currency, Geography, Economy, Defence, Culture, Natural resources, Habitat, Sports and all you want to know for UPSC, PSC and Other Competitive Exams.

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Russia and its Basic Details :

CategoryInformation
Name of the CountryRussia
CapitalMoscow
Independence DayJune 12, 1990 (Declaration of Sovereignty); December 25, 1991 (Dissolution of the Soviet Union)
Major ReligionsRussian Orthodox Christianity, Islam, Buddhism, Judaism, and others
CurrencyRussian Ruble (RUB)
ContinentEurope and Asia (Eurasia)
Top 5 Famous Cities1. Moscow
2. Saint Petersburg
3. Novosibirsk
4. Yekaterinburg
5. Kazan
Top 10 Famous Persons1. Vladimir Putin (President)
2. Leo Tolstoy (Writer)
3. Fyodor Dostoevsky (Writer)
4. Catherine the Great (Empress)
5. Ivan the Terrible (Tsar)
6. Yuri Gagarin (Astronaut)
7. Peter the Great (Tsar)
8. Mikhail Gorbachev (Former Soviet Leader)
9. Anton Chekhov (Writer)
10. Sergey Brin (Co-Founder of Google)
Type of GovernmentFederal Semi-Presidential Republic
Main Wars FoughtWorld War I, Russian Civil War, World War II, Cold War, Afghan War, Chechen Wars, and others
GDPApproximately $1.7 trillion (2021)
5 Popular Tourist Places1. Red Square, Moscow
2. Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg
3. Lake Baikal, Siberia
4. Trans-Siberian Railway
5. Kamchatka Peninsula
Russia , Its Capital, Independence Day, Currency, Major religions, Continent, Top 5 Famous cities, Top 10 Famous persons, type of government, main wars fought, GDP, 5 popular tourist places.
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Geography of Russia :

CategoryInformation
Area of the CountryApproximately 17.1 million square kilometers
PopulationApproximately 145 million (2021)
5 Main Mountain Ranges1. Ural Mountains
2. Caucasus Mountains
3. Altai Mountains
4. Sayan Mountains
5. Uralskiye Mountains
5 Main Mountain Peaks1. Mount Elbrus (Caucasus Mountains)
2. Mount Gora Belukha (Altai Mountains)
3. Mount Narodnaya (Ural Mountains)
4. Mount Pik Pobedy (Sayan Mountains)
5. Mount Klyuchevskaya Sopka (Kamchatka Peninsula)
5 Main Rivers1. Volga River
2. Lena River
3. Amur River
4. Yenisei River
5. Ob River
Main Lakes1. Lake Baikal
2. Lake Ladoga
3. Lake Onega
4. Caspian Sea (partly within Russian territory)
5. Lake Teletskoye
DesertsThe Caspian Depression (low-lying area)
PlateausCentral Siberian Plateau
VolcanoesKamchatka Peninsula (Numerous volcanoes)
5 Main Crops and Vegetation1. Wheat, 2. Barley, 3. Potatoes, 4. Sugar Beets, 5. Sunflowers
Main BeachesSochi Beaches (Black Sea), Crimea Beaches (Black Sea)
Neighboring Countries1. Kazakhstan
2. China
3. Mongolia
4. Ukraine
5. Belarus
Nearby Seas and OceansArctic Ocean, Pacific Ocean, Black Sea, Caspian Sea
Length of CoastlineApproximately 37,653 kilometers
Top 5 Natural Resources1. Natural Gas
2. Petroleum
3. Coal
4. Iron Ore
5. Timber
Geography of the Russia , Area in Square Kilometers, Population, 5 Main mountain range, 5 main mountain peeks, 5 Main Rivers, Main lakes, Deserts, plateau and Volcanoes, 5 Main Crops and vegetation, Main Beaches, Neighboring countries which share boundaries, Nearby Sea and oceans, length of Coast line, top 5 Natural resources.
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Economy of Russia :

CategoryInformation
5 Major Industries1. Oil and Gas
2. Manufacturing
3. Agriculture
4. Mining
5. Defense and Aerospace
5 Main Revenue Sources1. Energy exports (oil and gas)
2. Natural resources exports
3. Arms exports
4. Agriculture exports
5. Machinery and equipment exports
Top 10 Companies1. Gazprom (Energy)
2. Rosneft (Energy)
3. Lukoil (Energy)
4. Sberbank (Finance)
5. Rostec (Defense and Technology)
6. Norilsk Nickel (Mining)
7. Novatek (Energy)
8. VTB Bank (Finance)
9. Severstal (Manufacturing)
10. Tatneft (Energy)
Per Capita IncomeApproximately $11,000 (2021)
Top 5 Imports1. Machinery and equipment
2. Chemicals and pharmaceuticals
3. Food products
4. Consumer goods
5. Metals and metal products
Top 5 Exports1. Energy products (oil, gas, and coal)
2. Machinery and equipment
3. Metals and metal products
4. Chemicals and pharmaceuticals
5. Agricultural products
Total Gold ReservesApproximately 2,300 tons (as of 2021)
Economy of the Russia , 5 Major Industries, 5 main revenue sources, top 10 Companies, Per capita income, Top 5 imports, Top 5 exports, Total Gold Reserves.
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Defence Power of Russia :

CategoryDetails
Defence PolicyActive defense policy
Defence Budget$86.4 billion (2023)
Total Army Personnel900,000 active personnel
Total Air Force Personnel165,000 active personnel
Total Navy Personnel150,000 active personnel
Total Defence Imports$15.1 billion (2021)
Total Defence Export$15.8 billion (2021)
Defence of the Russia , Size of Defence budget, Total number of Army Personals, Total Number of Air Force Personals, Total number of Navy Personals, Total Defence Imports, Total Defence Export.
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Cultural of Russia :

CategoryInformation
Main FestivalsMaslenitsa, Victory Day, New Year, Russian Orthodox Christmas, International Women’s Day
Main Religious PlacesSaint Basil’s Cathedral, Kazan Cathedral, Christ the Savior Cathedral, Saint Petersburg Mosque, Novodevichy Convent
Main Arts and DancesBallet, Matryoshka dolls, Icon painting, Russian classical music, Russian folk dance
Main LanguagesRussian, Tatar, Ukrainian, Chuvash, Bashkir
Famous Food and CuisinesBorscht, Pelmeni, Blini, Beef Stroganoff, Caviar
UNESCO Protected BuildingsSaint Petersburg Historic Centre, Kremlin and Red Square, Kizhi Pogost, Church of the Ascension, Trinity-Sergius Lavra
Cultural, 5 Main Festivals, 5 main religious places, main arts and Dances, Main Languages, Famous food and Cuisines, 5 UNSCO Protected Buildings.
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Sports in Russia :

CategoryInformation
National GameBandy
Main SportsFootball, Ice Hockey, Wrestling, Tennis, Figure Skating
Top AthletesMaria Sharapova, Alexander Ovechkin, Fedor Emelianenko, Yelena Isinbayeva, Alexander Karelin
Top Sports AchievementsMultiple Olympic gold medals in various sports, FIFA World Cup win (1966), numerous world championships in ice hockey and wrestling
Sports of the Russia , National Game, Main Sports, top athletes, Top Sports Achievements.
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Natural Habitat and wild life of Russia :

CategoryInformation
National AnimalEurasian Brown Bear
National BirdEagle (Double-headed Eagle)
Main ForestsTaiga (Boreal Forest), Russian Far East Forests, Siberian Forests
Main Recognized Natural HabitatsLake Baikal, Kamchatka Peninsula, Altai Mountains, Caucasus Mountains, Wrangel Island
Natural Habitat and wild life of the Russia , National Animal, National Bird, Main Forests, Main Recognized Natural Habitats for wild animals.
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Biggest in the Russia :

CategoryNameDescription
Biggest LakeLake BaikalLargest freshwater lake by volume in the world, holding 20% of the world’s unfrozen freshwater.
Biggest ForestTaigaLargest land biome on Earth, covering 11% of the planet’s land surface.
Longest RiverVolga RiverLongest river in Europe, spanning 3,530 km (2,194 miles).
Tallest MountainMount ElbrusHighest mountain in Europe, with a peak elevation of 5,642 meters (18,510 feet).
Biggest BridgeRussky BridgeLongest suspension bridge in Europe, with a total length of 3,100 meters (10,170 feet).
Tallest StatueThe Motherland CallsTallest statue in Europe, standing 87 meters (285 feet) tall.
Biggest CompanyGazpromLargest company in Russia by revenue, and a major global energy producer.
Richest ManVladimir PotaninRichest person in Russia, with a net worth of $29.5 billion (as of October 26, 2023).
Biggest in the Russia , Richest Man, Biggest Company, Tallest Building, Tallest Statue, Biggest Bridge, Tallest Mountain, Longest River, Biggest Forest, Biggest Lake.
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Brief History Of Russia :

A brief history of this Country, highlighting key periods: Ancient Russia, Medieval Period, Modern Era, and Recent History.

Ancient Russia (9th Century – 16th Century):

  • Ancient Russia’s history began with the establishment of the East Slavic state of Kievan Rus in the 9th century. It was centered around Kiev, in present-day Ukraine.
  • Kievan Rus adopted Christianity in the 10th century, with Prince Vladimir I converting to Orthodox Christianity in 988, leading to the Christianization of the region.
  • The Mongol invasion in the 13th century, led by Genghis Khan and his successors, resulted in the subjugation of Kievan Rus by the Golden Horde, a Mongol state.
  • In the 15th century, Ivan III (Ivan the Great) of Moscow managed to free Moscow from Mongol rule and unite various Russian principalities under Moscow’s leadership, marking the emergence of the Russian state.

Medieval Period (16th Century – 17th Century):

  • Ivan IV, also known as Ivan the Terrible, expanded this Country’s territory significantly in the 16th century and declared himself the first Tsar of Russia.
  • In the late 16th and early 17th centuries, This Country faced the Time of Troubles, a period of political instability and foreign intervention.
  • The Romanov dynasty, starting with Tsar Michael Romanov in 1613, brought stability and ruled this Country for centuries.

Modern Era (18th Century – Early 20th Century):

  • Under the reign of Peter the Great (1682-1725), this Country modernized rapidly. He introduced Western European reforms and expanded this Country’s territory, including gaining access to the Baltic Sea.
  • Catherine the Great (1762-1796) continued Peter’s modernization efforts and expanded this Country’s empire further, annexing Crimea and parts of Poland.
  • This Country became a major European power and played a significant role in European politics during this period.
  • The 19th century saw the emancipation of serfs in 1861, but also witnessed social and political unrest.

Recent History (Early 20th Century – Present):

  • This Country was part of the Russian Empire until the Russian Revolution of 1917, which led to the overthrow of the monarchy and the establishment of a socialist government.
  • The Russian Civil War (1917-1923) followed, resulting in the victory of the Bolsheviks and the formation of the Soviet Union in 1922.
  • The Soviet Union, led by Joseph Stalin, played a major role in World War II and emerged as a superpower after the war.
  • The Cold War rivalry with the United States dominated international relations for decades.
  • The Soviet Union dissolved in 1991, and this Country became an independent nation under the leadership of President Boris Yeltsin.
  • Vladimir Putin came to power in 1999 and has remained a dominant figure in Russian politics.

This overview covers significant periods in this Country’s history, from its ancient roots to its emergence as a modern nation and its role in the contemporary world.

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