Indonesia and its Details Like , Capital, GDP, Currency, Geography, Economy, Defence, Culture, Natural resources, Habitat, Sports and all you want to know for UPSC, PSC and Other Competitive Exams.
Sukarno, Joko Widodo, Prabowo Subianto, Megawati Sukarnoputri, Habibie, Suharto, Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono, Ani Yudhoyono, B. J. Habibie, Ridwan Kamil
Type of Government
Unitary Presidential Republic
Main Wars Fought
Indonesian National Revolution
GDP
Approximately $1.12 trillion (2021)
Popular Tourist Places
Bali, Jakarta, Yogyakarta, Raja Ampat, Borobudur
Indonesia , Its Capital, Independence Day, Currency, Major religions, Continent, Top 5 Famous cities, Top 10 Famous persons, type of government, main wars fought, GDP, 5 popular tourist places:
Geography of Indonesia :
Category
Information
Area
Approximately 1.9 million square kilometers
Population
Over 270 million people
Main Mountain Ranges
Jayawijaya, Bukit Barisan, Muller, Meratus, Maoke
Main Mountain Peaks
Puncak Jaya, Kerinci, Rinjani, Semeru, Bromo
Main Rivers
Kapuas, Mahakam, Barito, Musi, Rajang
Main Lakes
Lake Toba, Lake Poso, Lake Sentarum, Lake Maninjau, Lake Matano
Deserts
None
Plateau
Dieng Plateau, Deformation Belt Plateau
Volcanoes
Krakatoa, Mount Merapi, Mount Rinjani, Mount Semeru, Mount Bromo
Main Crops and Vegetation
Rice, palm oil, rubber, coffee, cocoa
Main Beaches
Kuta Beach (Bali), Pink Beach (Komodo Island), Senggigi Beach (Lombok), Tanjung Bira (South Sulawesi), Tanjung Lesung (West Java)
Neighbouring Countries
Malaysia, East Timor, Papua New Guinea
Nearby Seas and Oceans
Java Sea, Bali Sea, Celebes Sea, Indian Ocean
Coastline Length
Approximately 54,720 kilometers
Top 5 Natural Resources
Coal, natural gas, tin, nickel, copper
Geography of the Indonesia , Area in Square Kilometers, Population, 5 Main mountain range, 5 main mountain peeks, 5 Main Rivers, Main lakes, Deserts, plateau and Volcanoes, 5 Main Crops and vegetation, Main Beaches, Neighboring countries which share boundaries, Nearby Sea and oceans, length of Coast line, top 5 Natural resources.
Economy of Indonesia :
Category
Information
Major Industries
Petroleum, textiles, mining, apparel, tourism
Revenue Sources
Oil and gas, mining, agriculture, textiles, tourism
Top 10 Companies
Pertamina, Bank Central Asia, Bank Rakyat Indonesia, Telkom Indonesia, Bank Mandiri, Astra International, Bank Negara Indonesia, Indofood Sukses Makmur, Unilever Indonesia, Perusahaan Gas Negara
Mineral fuels, animal/vegetable fats, electrical machinery, machinery, rubber
Total Gold Reserves
Approximately 78.6 tons
Economy of the Indonesia , 5 Major Industries, 5 main revenue sources, top 10 Companies, Per capita income, Top 5 imports, Top 5 exports, Total Gold Reserves.
Defence Power of Indonesia :
Category
Information
Defence Budget
$8.8 billion
Army Personnel
350,000 (2023)
Air Force Personnel
40,000 (2023)
Navy Personnel
70,000 (2023)
Defence Imports
$2.7 billion (2022)
Defence Exports
$0.4 billion (2022)
Defence of the Indonesia , Size of Defence budget, Total number of Army Personals, Total Number of Air Force Personals, Total number of Navy Personals, Total Defence Imports, Total Defence Export.
Cultural of Indonesia :
Category
Information
Cultural
Diverse and influenced by various cultures globally
5 Main Festivals
1. Nyepi (Day of Silence)
2. Galungan
3. Eid al-Fitr
4. Christmas
5. Independence Day
5 Main Religious Places
1. Borobudur Temple
2. Prambanan Temple
3. Tanah Lot Temple
4. Pura Besakih
5. Istiqlal Mosque
Main Arts and Dances
1. Wayang kulit (shadow puppetry)
2. Gamelan (traditional music)
3. Angklung (traditional bamboo orchestra)
4. Kecak (traditional dance)
5. Tari Pendet (traditional dance)
Main Languages
Indonesian (official), Javanese, Sundanese, Madurese, Minangkabau
Famous Food and Cuisines
Rendang, Nasi goreng, Sate, Soto ayam, Gado-gado
5 UNESCO Protected Buildings
1. Borobudur Temple
2. Prambanan Temple
3. Sangiran Early Man Site
4. Komodo National Park
5. Lorentz National Park
Cultural, 5 Main Festivals, 5 main religious places, main arts and Dances, Main Languages, Famous food and Cuisines, 5 UNSCO Protected Buildings.
Sports in Indonesia :
Category
Information
National Game
Badminton
Main Sports
1. Badminton
2. Football (Soccer)
3. Basketball
4. Volleyball
5. Pencak Silat (Indonesian martial art)
Top Athletes
1. Taufik Hidayat (Badminton)
2. Bambang Pamungkas (Football)
3. Eko Yuli Irawan (Weightlifting)
4. Maria Kristin Yulianti (Badminton)
5. Susi Susanti (Badminton)
Top Sports Achievements
1. Indonesia’s gold in Badminton at Olympics
2. Football team’s victory in regional tournaments
3. Pencak Silat achievements in Asian Games
4. Weightlifting medals in international events
5. Badminton dominance in international tournaments
Sports of the Indonesia , National Game, Main Sports, top athletes, Top Sports Achievements.
Natural Habitat and wild life of Indonesia :
Category
Information
National Animal
Komodo Dragon
National Bird
Javan Hawk-eagle
Main Forests
1. Tesso Nilo National Park
2. Gunung Leuser National Park
3. Kerinci Seblat National Park
4. Lore Lindu National Park
5. Ujung Kulon National Park
Main Recognized Natural Habitats
1. Raja Ampat Coral Reefs
for Wild Animals
2. Tanjung Puting Orangutan Sanctuary
3. Komodo National Park
4. Mount Rinjani
5. Way Kambas National Park
Natural Habitat and wild life of the Indonesia , National Animal, National Bird, Main Forests, Main Recognized Natural Habitats for wild animals.
Biggest in the Indonesia :
Statistic
Value
Description
Largest state
Papua
Located in the western part of New Guinea, it is the largest province by area and the second most populous after East Java.
Richest person
Michael Hartono
The chairman and CEO of PT Hartono Istana Metalwork, a conglomerate that owns the largest cigarette manufacturer in Indonesia, PT Bentoel Internasional Investama.
Biggest company
Bank Rakyat Indonesia (BRI)
A state-owned bank and the largest bank in this country by total assets, loans, and deposits.
Tallest building
Jakarta Tower
A skyscraper located in Jakarta, Indonesia. It is the tallest building in this country, with a height of 558 meters (1,831 feet).
Tallest statue
The Statue of Garuda Wisnu Kencana
A colossal statue of the Hindu god Garuda, located in Bali, of this country. It is the tallest statue in this country, with a height of 121 meters (397 feet).
Biggest bridge
Suramadu National Bridge
A road-rail suspension bridge that crosses the Madura Strait, connecting the islands of Madura and Java in this country.
Tallest mountain
Puncak Jaya
A mountain in the Grasberg Mountains of Western New Guinea, of this country. It is the highest mountain in this country, with a height of 4,884 meters (16,024 feet).
Longest river
Kapuas River
A river on the island of Borneo in Indonesia. It is the longest river in this country, with a total length of 1,143 kilometers (710 miles).
Biggest forest
Leuser Ecosystem
A tropical rainforest located in the northern part of Sumatra, of this country. It is the largest forest in this country, with an area of 2.6 million hectares (6.4 million acres).
Biggest lake
Toba Lake
A volcanic lake located in the northern part of Sumatra, of this country. It is the largest lake in this country, with an area of 1,145 square kilometers (442 square miles).
Biggest in the Indonesia , Richest Man, Biggest Company, Tallest Building, Tallest Statue, Biggest Bridge, Tallest Mountain, Longest River, Biggest Forest, Biggest Lake.
Brief History Of Indonesia :
A vast archipelago comprising over 17,000 islands, has a rich history that unfolds across distinct periods.
Ancient Indonesia:
Prehistoric Era: Evidence suggests human habitation dating back to around 1.5 million years ago, with fossils and ancient tools found on various islands.
Early Civilizations: Influential kingdoms emerged, such as the Srivijaya and Majapahit Empires, contributing to the region’s cultural, artistic, and economic prosperity. These empires had a strong maritime presence and engaged in trade with neighboring regions.
Medieval Period:
Islamic Influence: During the 13th century, Islamic traders and missionaries brought Islam to the Indonesian archipelago. By the 16th century, several Islamic Sultanates, including the Sultanate of Malacca, had been established.
European Arrival: The arrival of European powers, particularly the Portuguese and Dutch, in the 16th century, led to significant colonial influence, impacting trade and politics across the islands.
Modern Era:
Colonial Rule: The Dutch East India Company established control over this Country’s spice trade, leading to Dutch colonization, which lasted for centuries. Indonesian resistance against colonial rule grew during the 20th century.
Independence Movement: Influential figures like Sukarno and Hatta led the struggle for independence. After World War II, this Country declared independence on August 17, 1945, marking the end of Dutch rule.
The Struggle for Independence: This Country’s road to independence was fraught with challenges, including conflicts with the Dutch and internal struggles, culminating in formal recognition of independence in 1949.
Recent History:
Post-Independence Challenges: This Country faced challenges in nation-building, including socio-political issues and economic development. Sukarno’s presidency saw periods of political turbulence.
Suharto Era: Suharto’s presidency (1967-1998) brought stability but was marked by authoritarianism. The nation experienced economic growth but also faced criticisms of human rights violations and corruption.
Reform Era: Following Suharto’s resignation in 1998, This Country transitioned to a more democratic system. The Reformasi movement brought about political and social reforms, promoting democratic principles.
Contemporary Indonesia: Present-day this Country is characterized by a thriving democracy, economic growth, diverse cultural heritage, and ongoing efforts to address socio-economic challenges, decentralization, and regional disparities.
Throughout its history, this Country’s cultural diversity, rich heritage, and geopolitical significance have shaped its identity as a vibrant and multifaceted nation.
