India and its 66 important Details for UPSC, PSC and Other Competitive Exams

India and its Details Like , Capital, GDP, Currency, Geography, Economy, Defence, Culture, Natural resources, Habitat, Sports and all you want to know for UPSC, PSC and Other Competitive Exams.

India and its Basic Details :

Attribute	Description
Name	India
Capital	New Delhi
Independence Day	August 15, 1947
Major Religions	Hinduism, Islam, Christianity, Sikhism, Buddhism
Currency	Indian Rupee (INR)
Continent	Asia
Top 5 Famous Cities	Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, Bangalore
Top 10 Famous Persons	Mahatma Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru, Indira Gandhi, Ratan Tata, Sachin Tendulkar, Narendra Modi, Amitabh Bachchan, A.P.J. Abdul Kalam, Lata Mangeshkar, Mary Kom
Type of Government	Federal Parliamentary Republic
Main Wars Fought	India-Pakistan Wars, India-China Wars
GDP	Approximately $3.7 trillion (2023)
Popular Tourist Places	Taj Mahal, Jaipur, Goa, Kerala Backwaters, Varanasi

Geography of India :

Aspect	Data
Area	Area: 3.287 million square kilometers
Population	Over 1.4 billion (as of 2023)
Mountain Ranges	Himalayas, Western Ghats, Eastern Ghats, Aravalli Range, Vindhya Range
Mountain Peaks	K2 (Godwin-Austen), Kangchenjunga, Nanda Devi, Kamet
Main Rivers	Ganges, Yamuna, Brahmaputra, Godavari, Krishna
Main Lakes	Wular Lake, Dal Lake, Chilika Lake, Vembanad Lake, Pulicat Lake
Deserts	Thar Desert
Plateaus	Deccan Plateau, Chota Nagpur Plateau
Main Crops & Vegetation	Rice, Wheat, Cotton, Sugarcane, Tea
Main Beaches	Marina Beach, Puri Beach, Calangute Beach, Anjuna Beach, Kovalam Beach
Neighbouring Countries	Pakistan, China, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Myanmar
Nearby Seas and Oceans	Arabian Sea, Bay of Bengal and Indian Ocean
Length of Coastline	Approximately 7,500 kilometers (4,670 miles)
Top 5 Natural Resources	Coal, Iron ore, Manganese, Mica, Bauxite

Economy of India :

Aspect	Data
Major Industries	Information Technology, Textiles, Agriculture, Pharmaceuticals, Automobiles
Revenue Sources	Services, Manufacturing, Agriculture, Mining, Textiles
Top 10 Companies	Reliance Industries, Tata Group, HDFC Bank, Infosys, ONGC, ICICI Bank, SBI, Bharti Airtel, L&T, HCL Tech
Per Capita Income	Approximately $2,200 (as of recent data)
Top 5 Imports	Crude Oil, Gold, Electronics, Coal, Machinery
Top 5 Exports	Petroleum Products, Precious Stones, Machinery, Pharmaceuticals, Chemicals
Total Gold Reserves	Approximately 695 metric tons (as of recent data)

Defence Power of India :

Defence Aspect	Data
Defence of the country	Indian Armed Forces
Size of Defence budget	$76.6 billion (2023)
Total number of Army personnel	1.45 million (2023)
Total Number of Air Force personnel	170,000 (2023)
Total number of Navy personnel	67,000 (2023)
Total Defence Imports	$6.5 billion (2022)
Total Defence Export	$1.5 billion (2022)

Culture of India :

Category	Information
Culture	Diverse, influenced by various religions and traditions
Main Festivals	Diwali, Holi, Eid, Durga Puja, Christmas
Main Religious Places	Varanasi, Golden Temple, Ajmer Sharif, Meenakshi Temple, Rishikesh
Arts and Dances	Bharatanatyam, Kathak, Odissi, Rangoli, Madhubani Art
Main Languages	Hindi, English, Bengali, Telugu, Marathi
Famous Food/Cuisines	Biryani, Rogan Josh, Masala Dosa, Butter Chicken, Chaat
UNESCO Protected Buildings	Taj Mahal, Red Fort, Sun Temple, Qutub Minar, Ellora Caves

Sports in India :

Category	Information
National Game	Field Hockey
Main Sports	Cricket, Field Hockey, Badminton, Kabaddi, Wrestling
Top Athletes	Sachin Tendulkar (Cricket), Mary Kom (Boxing), PV Sindhu (Badminton), Virat Kohli (Cricket), Sushil Kumar (Wrestling)
Top Sports Achievements	Winning the Cricket World Cup in 1983 and 2011, Olympic Medals in Badminton and Wrestling, Multiple Commonwealth Games Medals

Natural Habitat and wild life of India :

Category	Information
National Animal	Bengal Tiger
National Bird	Indian Peacock
Main Forests	Sunderbans, Western Ghats, Jim Corbett National Park, Gir Forest
Main Recognized Natural Habitats	Ranthambore National Park, Kaziranga National Park, Bandipur Forest

Biggest in India :

Category	Information
Biggest State by Area	Rajasthan
Richest Man	Mukesh Ambani
Biggest Company	Reliance Industries
Tallest Building	Palais Royale, Mumbai
Tallest Statue	Statue of Unity, Gujarat
Biggest Bridge	Dhola-Sadiya Bridge, Assam
Tallest Mountain	Kangchenjunga
Longest River	Ganga River
Biggest Forest	Sundarbans
Biggest Lake	Wular Lake, Jammu and Kashmir

Brief History Of India :

This Country’s history is a rich tapestry woven with diverse cultures, religions, and influences. Here’s a concise overview of its historical periods:

Ancient India:

• Indus Valley Civilization (3300–1300 BCE): Flourished along the Indus River with planned cities like Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa. Known for advanced urban planning, trade, and sophisticated drainage systems.
• Vedic Period (1500–500 BCE): Vedas, ancient texts, and philosophies emerged. Society was organized into four varnas (castes), and Hinduism started evolving.

Medieval Period:

• Golden Age and Empires (320–550 CE): Gupta Empire brought advancements in science, art, and mathematics. This Country saw a cultural renaissance during this period.
• Islamic Invasions (11th–16th Century): Delhi Sultanate and later the Mughal Empire established Muslim rule in this Country, contributing to art, architecture, and culture.

Modern Era:

• Colonial Rule (17th–20th Century): The British East India Company gradually gained control, leading to direct British rule. This period saw exploitation, the Indian Rebellion of 1857, and the subsequent transfer of power to the British Crown.
• Indian Independence Movement: Led by figures like Mahatma Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru, and others, the movement gained momentum through non-violent resistance and civil disobedience.
• Independence and Partition (1947): This Country gained independence from British rule on August 15, 1947. This led to the partition of the country into India and Pakistan, resulting in communal violence and mass migration.

Recent History:

• Post-Independence Reforms: This Country adopted a democratic constitution in 1950, laying the foundation for a secular and democratic republic.
• Indo-Pak Wars and Conflicts: Several conflicts with Pakistan, notably over Kashmir, led to wars in 1947, 1965, 1971, and 1999.
• Economic Liberalization (1991): This Country initiated economic reforms, liberalizing its economy and embracing globalization, leading to significant growth in various sectors.
• Modern Challenges: This Country faces challenges of rapid urbanization, environmental degradation, social inequality, and ongoing geopolitical tensions.

Throughout these periods, this country’s history reflects a blend of cultural, social, and religious diversity, contributing to its vibrant heritage and ongoing development as a global power.

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