France and its 66 important Details for UPSC, PSC and Other Competitive Exams

France and its Details Like , Capital, GDP, Currency, Geography, Economy, Defence, Culture, Natural resources, Habitat, Sports and all you want to know for UPSC, PSC and Other Competitive Exams.

France and its Basic Details :

Attribute	Description
Name	France
Capital	Paris
Independence Day	July 14, 1789 (Bastille Day)
Major Religions	Christianity, Islam, Judaism
Currency	Euro (EUR)
Continent	Europe
Top 5 Famous Cities	Paris, Marseille, Lyon, Toulouse, Nice
Top 10 Famous Persons	Napoleon Bonaparte, Louis Pasteur, Coco Chanel, Claude Monet, Victor Hugo, Édith Piaf, Charles de Gaulle, Simone de Beauvoir, Voltaire, Gustave Eiffel
Type of Government	Unitary Semi-Presidential Republic
Main Wars Fought	World War I, World War II, Napoleonic Wars
GDP	Approximately $2.8 trillion (2020)
Popular Tourist Places	Eiffel Tower, Louvre Museum, Palace of Versailles, Mont Saint-Michel, Château de Chambord

Geography of France :

Category	Information
Area of the Country	551,695 square kilometers
Population	Approximately 67 million
5 Main Mountain Ranges	Alps, Pyrenees, Vosges, Jura, Massif Central
5 Main Mountain Peaks	Mont Blanc, Pic du Midi d’Ossau, Mont Aiguille, Mont Ventoux, Grand Ballon
5 Main Rivers	Loire, Rhone, Seine, Garonne, Dordogne
Main Lakes	Lake Geneva, Lake Bourget, Lake Annecy, Lake of Serre-Ponçon, Lake of Vouglans
Deserts, Plateaus, and Volcanoes	No major deserts, Plateau de Millevaches, Massif Central Volcanoes
5 Main Crops and Vegetation	Wheat, Barley, Corn, Grapes, Sunflowers
Main Beaches	French Riviera, Normandy Beaches, Biarritz Beaches
Neighbouring Countries	Spain, Belgium, Luxembourg, Germany, Italy, Switzerland
Nearby Seas and Oceans	Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean Sea
Length of Coastline	Approximately 3,427 kilometers
Top 5 Natural Resources	Uranium, Coal, Iron ore, Fish, Timber

Economy of France :

Category	Information
5 Major Industries	Aerospace, Automotive, Luxury Goods, Tourism, Agribusiness
5 Main Revenue Sources	Tourism, Machinery & Equipment, Aerospace, Pharmaceuticals, Energy
Top 10 Companies	Airbus, TotalEnergies, LVMH, Sanofi, L’Oréal, Renault, Michelin, Danone, Vinci, AXA
Per Capita Income	Approximately $42,878 (in USD)
Top 5 Imports	Machinery & Equipment, Vehicles, Crude Oil, Aircraft, Plastics
Top 5 Exports	Machinery & Equipment, Aerospace Products, Pharmaceuticals, Vehicles, Perfumes and Cosmetics
Total Gold Reserves	Approximately 2,436 metric tons

Defence Power of France :

Category	Information
Defence of the country	French Armed Forces
Size of Defence Budget	$56.6 billion (2023)
Total number of Army personnel	203,000 (2023)
Total Number of Air Force personnel	112,000 (2023)
Total number of Navy personnel	39,000 (2023)
Total Defence Imports	$1.6 billion (2022)
Total Defence Export	$5.3 billion (2022)

Cultural of France :

Category	Information
Main Festivals	Bastille Day, Cannes Film Festival, Avignon Festival, Nice Carnival, Fête de la Musique
Main Religious Places	Notre-Dame Cathedral, Lourdes, Mont-Saint-Michel, Chartres Cathedral, Sacré-Cœur Basilica
Main Arts and Dances	Ballet, Impressionism, Can-can, Opera, Cinema
Main Languages	French
Famous Food and Cuisines	Croissant, Baguette, Ratatouille, Coq au Vin, Crepes
UNESCO Protected Buildings	Palace of Versailles, Mont Saint-Michel, Chartres Cathedral, Pont du Gard, Saint-Émilion

Sports in France :

Category	Information
National Game	Football (Soccer)
Main Sports	Football, Rugby, Tennis, Cycling, Basketball
Top Athletes	Kylian Mbappé (Football), Teddy Riner (Judo), Renaud Lavillenie (Athletics), Tony Parker (Basketball), Marion Bartoli (Tennis)
Top Sports Achievements	FIFA World Cup victories (Football), Multiple Grand Slam wins (Tennis), Rugby World Cup wins, Olympic medals in Judo and Athletics

Natural Habitat and wild life of France :

Category	Information
National Animal	Gallic Rooster
National Bird	Common Crane
Main Forests	Fontainebleau Forest, Forest of Rambouillet, Forest of Tronçais, Forest of Bercé, Forest of Grésigne
Main Recognized Natural Habitats for Wild Animals	Pyrenees National Park, Mercantour National Park, Camargue Regional Nature Park, Corsica Nature Reserve, Vanoise National Park

Biggest in the France :

Category	Information
Largest region	Guyane – An overseas region of France located in South America, the largest overseas region of France.
Richest person	Bernard Arnault – A French business magnate, chairman, and CEO of LVMH Moët Hennessy – Louis Vuitton.
Biggest company	LVMH Moët Hennessy – Louis Vuitton – A French multinational luxury goods conglomerate headquartered in Paris.
Tallest building	The Eiffel Tower – A wrought-iron lattice tower in Paris, one of the most iconic landmarks in the world.
Tallest statue	The Statue of Liberty (replica) – Located on Île aux Cygnes in Paris, a scaled-down version of the original.
Biggest bridge	The Millau Viaduct – A multi-span suspension bridge in Millau, southern France, the tallest bridge globally.
Tallest mountain	Mont Blanc – The highest peak in the Alps and Western Europe, located on the border between France and Italy.
Longest river	The Loire River – The longest river in France, flowing into the Atlantic Ocean at Saint-Nazaire.
Biggest forest	The Landes Forest – The largest maritime pine forest in Europe, situated in southwestern France.
Biggest lake	Lake Geneva – The largest lake in France, located on the border between France and Switzerland.

Brief History Of France :

A concise overview of This Country’s history across key periods:

Ancient France:

• Prehistoric Settlements: This Country has evidence of human presence dating back to the Paleolithic era, with cave paintings in Lascaux.
• Celtic Influence: Gaul (ancient France) was inhabited by Celtic tribes. Julius Caesar’s conquest of Gaul in 58 BC led to Roman control.
• Roman Era: Gaul became a Roman province, experiencing urbanization and cultural assimilation.

Medieval Period:

• Frankish Kingdom: The Franks, a Germanic tribe, established their kingdom in the 5th century. Charlemagne, a Frankish ruler, expanded the empire.
• Feudalism and Hundred Years’ War: Feudal society developed. France engaged in the Hundred Years’ War (1337-1453) against England.
• Renaissance: The Renaissance brought cultural and artistic advancements to this Country.

Modern Era:

• Absolute Monarchy: This Country saw the rise of absolute monarchy under Louis XIV. Versailles became the center of power.
• French Revolution: A pivotal event in 1789, leading to the overthrow of the monarchy and the establishment of the First Republic.
• Napoleonic Era: Napoleon Bonaparte rose to power, establishing the First French Empire and spreading French influence across Europe.

Recent History:

• Industrialization: This Country industrialized in the 19th century, witnessing economic growth and social changes.
• World Wars: This Country played a significant role in both World Wars, experiencing occupation during WWII.
• Post-War Reconstruction: This Country experienced post-war reconstruction and became a founding member of the European Union.

Modern France:

• Cultural Influence: This Country remains a global cultural center, known for its arts, cuisine, and fashion.
• Political Landscape: This Country operates as a democratic republic with a rich cultural heritage and a prominent role in global affairs.

Throughout its history, France has undergone significant transformations, shaping its cultural, political, and societal landscape into what it is today—a nation celebrated for its cultural heritage and global influence.

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