{"id":44745,"date":"2026-01-10T17:31:57","date_gmt":"2026-01-10T12:01:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/?p=44745"},"modified":"2026-01-10T17:32:00","modified_gmt":"2026-01-10T12:02:00","slug":"drdo-portable-water-purifier","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/drdo-portable-water-purifier\/","title":{"rendered":"DRDO Portable Water Purifier SWaDeS Developed for Soldiers in Remote Areas"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_84 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/drdo-portable-water-purifier\/#DRDO_portable_water_purifier_SWaDeS_developed_for_soldiers_ensures_safe_drinking_water_in_remote_and_high-altitude_areas_Learn_about_its_features_capacity_and_strategic_importance_for_defence_preparedness\" >DRDO portable water purifier SWaDeS developed for soldiers ensures safe drinking water in remote and high-altitude areas. Learn about its features, capacity, and strategic importance for defence preparedness.<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/drdo-portable-water-purifier\/#DRDO_Develops_Portable_Water_Purifier_for_Soldiers_in_Remote_Areas\" >DRDO Develops Portable Water Purifier for Soldiers in Remote Areas<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/drdo-portable-water-purifier\/#Introduction_to_SWaDeS_A_New_Milestone_in_Defence_Technology\" >Introduction to SWaDeS: A New Milestone in Defence Technology<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/drdo-portable-water-purifier\/#Manual_and_Engine_Variants_Features_and_Benefits\" >Manual and Engine Variants: Features and Benefits<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/drdo-portable-water-purifier\/#Operational_Importance_in_Diverse_Terrains\" >Operational Importance in Diverse Terrains<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/drdo-portable-water-purifier\/#Strategic_Impact_and_Broader_Relevance\" >Strategic Impact and Broader Relevance<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/drdo-portable-water-purifier\/#Why_This_News_Is_Important_for_Government_Exam_Aspirants\" >Why This News Is Important for Government Exam Aspirants<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/drdo-portable-water-purifier\/#Enhancing_Defence_Capability_and_Strategic_Preparedness\" >Enhancing Defence Capability and Strategic Preparedness<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/drdo-portable-water-purifier\/#Relevance_to_National_Self-Reliance_Goals\" >Relevance to National Self-Reliance Goals<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/drdo-portable-water-purifier\/#Multidisciplinary_Exam_Relevance\" >Multidisciplinary Exam Relevance<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/drdo-portable-water-purifier\/#Historical_Context_Indias_Focus_on_Portable_Water_Solutions\" >Historical Context: India\u2019s Focus on Portable Water Solutions<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/drdo-portable-water-purifier\/#Key_Takeaways_from_DRDOs_Portable_Water_Purifier_SWaDeS\" >Key Takeaways from DRDO\u2019s Portable Water Purifier (SWaDeS)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/drdo-portable-water-purifier\/#FAQs_Frequently_Asked_Questions\" >FAQs: Frequently Asked Questions<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/drdo-portable-water-purifier\/#1_What_is_SWaDeS_developed_by_DRDO\" >1. What is SWaDeS developed by DRDO?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/drdo-portable-water-purifier\/#2_How_many_variants_of_SWaDeS_are_there\" >2. How many variants of SWaDeS are there?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/drdo-portable-water-purifier\/#3_How_much_salinity_can_SWaDeS_purify\" >3. How much salinity can SWaDeS purify?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/drdo-portable-water-purifier\/#4_Why_is_SWaDeS_important_for_the_Indian_military\" >4. Why is SWaDeS important for the Indian military?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/drdo-portable-water-purifier\/#5_Can_SWaDeS_have_civilian_applications\" >5. Can SWaDeS have civilian applications?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/drdo-portable-water-purifier\/#6_Which_DRDO_lab_developed_SWaDeS\" >6. Which DRDO lab developed SWaDeS?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/drdo-portable-water-purifier\/#7_How_quickly_can_SWaDeS_be_deployed_in_the_field\" >7. How quickly can SWaDeS be deployed in the field?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/drdo-portable-water-purifier\/#Some_Important_Current_Affairs_Links\" >Some Important Current Affairs Links<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"DRDO_portable_water_purifier_SWaDeS_developed_for_soldiers_ensures_safe_drinking_water_in_remote_and_high-altitude_areas_Learn_about_its_features_capacity_and_strategic_importance_for_defence_preparedness\"><\/span><strong>DRDO portable water purifier SWaDeS<\/strong> developed for soldiers ensures safe drinking water in remote and high-altitude areas. Learn about its features, capacity, and strategic importance for defence preparedness.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"DRDO_Develops_Portable_Water_Purifier_for_Soldiers_in_Remote_Areas\"><\/span><strong>DRDO Develops Portable Water Purifier for Soldiers in Remote Areas<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The <strong>Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO)<\/strong> has introduced an innovative <strong>portable water purification system<\/strong> aimed at addressing the critical need for safe drinking water for Indian soldiers deployed in <strong>remote, coastal, and high-altitude regions<\/strong>. This cutting-edge solution, known as the <strong>Sea Water Desalination System (SWaDeS)<\/strong>, has been developed by DRDO\u2019s <strong>Defence Laboratory, Jodhpur<\/strong> and marks a significant advancement in the military\u2019s life-support technology.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Introduction_to_SWaDeS_A_New_Milestone_in_Defence_Technology\"><\/span><strong>Introduction to SWaDeS: A New Milestone in Defence Technology<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Sea Water Desalination System (SWaDeS) is designed to convert <strong>saline and brackish water sources<\/strong> into potable drinking water for troops operating in areas with little or no access to fresh water. The system comes in <strong>two variants<\/strong> \u2014 a <strong>manual<\/strong> hand-operated unit and a powered <strong>engine-operated<\/strong> model \u2014 making it adaptable to different operational needs and terrains.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Manual_and_Engine_Variants_Features_and_Benefits\"><\/span><strong>Manual and Engine Variants: Features and Benefits<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The <strong>manual version<\/strong> of SWaDeS is lightweight and can be easily carried by a single soldier. It is especially useful in <strong>emergency situations<\/strong>, long patrols, or deployments in areas without access to electricity. This version can provide <strong>drinking water for 10\u201312 personnel<\/strong>, ensuring that small troops can sustain themselves during missions. On the other hand, the <strong>engine-operated variant<\/strong> has a higher capacity and is capable of purifying water with <strong>high salinity levels<\/strong> \u2014 up to approximately <strong>35,000 mg\/L of Total Dissolved Solids (TDS)<\/strong> \u2014 bringing it down to safe potable levels of below <strong>500 mg\/L<\/strong>. This version can support up to <strong>20\u201325 soldiers<\/strong> and is deployable within <strong>2\u20133 minutes<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Operational_Importance_in_Diverse_Terrains\"><\/span><strong>Operational Importance in Diverse Terrains<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The SWaDeS system enhances military readiness by offering reliable water purification across <strong>diverse and challenging environments<\/strong>. It is highly effective in <strong>coastal regions<\/strong>, where seawater is abundant, and in <strong>high-altitude or remote inland zones<\/strong> \u2014 including places like <strong>Pangong Tso in Ladakh<\/strong>, where fresh water resources may be scarce. This adaptability ensures that soldiers remain hydrated and healthy during extended field duties without the logistical burden of transporting water supplies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Strategic_Impact_and_Broader_Relevance\"><\/span><strong>Strategic Impact and Broader Relevance<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Beyond its immediate military application, SWaDeS embodies India\u2019s focus on <strong>technological self-reliance<\/strong> and supports the <strong>Aatmanirbhar Bharat initiative<\/strong>. Such indigenous innovations reduce dependency on imported technologies and ensure that defence personnel can sustain themselves in challenging operational theaters. The system also has potential applications for <strong>civilian use<\/strong> in coastal and water-scarce areas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\" id=\"DRDO-portable-water-purifier\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"data:image\/jpeg;base64,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\" alt=\"DRDO portable water purifier\" title=\"DRDO portable water purifier\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">DRDO portable water purifier<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Why_This_News_Is_Important_for_Government_Exam_Aspirants\"><\/span><strong>Why This News Is Important for Government Exam Aspirants<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Enhancing_Defence_Capability_and_Strategic_Preparedness\"><\/span><strong>Enhancing Defence Capability and Strategic Preparedness<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This development by DRDO is a <strong>significant leap in defence technology<\/strong> aimed at strengthening the <strong>operational readiness and endurance<\/strong> of Indian armed forces. Troops stationed in <strong>remote border posts<\/strong>, high-altitude regions like <strong>Ladakh<\/strong>, and coastal outposts often face severe challenges due to lack of potable water. The introduction of SWaDeS directly tackles this logistical problem, enabling units to sustain longer field deployments without depending on water supply convoys \u2014 a key advantage in times of conflict or heightened security tensions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Relevance_to_National_Self-Reliance_Goals\"><\/span><strong>Relevance to National Self-Reliance Goals<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">SWaDeS aligns with broader national objectives such as <strong>Aatmanirbhar Bharat<\/strong>, which emphasize the development of <strong>indigenous defence technologies<\/strong>. Government exams often focus on topics related to India\u2019s defence innovation landscape and the role of organisations like DRDO in strengthening national security. Understanding how such indigenous systems improve troop welfare and operational capability can enhance candidates\u2019 answers in topics like <strong>national security, defence preparedness, and science &amp; technology<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Multidisciplinary_Exam_Relevance\"><\/span><strong>Multidisciplinary Exam Relevance<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For aspirants of UPSC, PSC, SSC, and defence service positions, this news story sits at the <strong>intersection of science, geography, and national policy<\/strong>. It helps answer questions on:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Defence R&amp;D advancements<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>India\u2019s strategic infrastructure in border areas<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Applications of technology in field logistics<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Government initiatives promoting self-sufficiency and innovation<\/strong><br>Understanding such current affairs contributes to better performance in <strong>general awareness sections<\/strong> and <strong>essay writing topics<\/strong> in exams.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Historical_Context_Indias_Focus_on_Portable_Water_Solutions\"><\/span><strong>Historical Context: India\u2019s Focus on Portable Water Solutions<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Access to clean drinking water has historically been a major challenge for soldiers operating in <strong>remote and border regions<\/strong> of India. In difficult terrains like the <strong>Himalayas<\/strong>, deserts of <strong>Rajasthan<\/strong>, or coastal belts, the lack of freshwater sources has often posed a major logistical problem for military operations. Over the years, DRDO has invested in research to develop <strong>water purification technologies<\/strong> that can withstand extreme climatic conditions and rugged terrains.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Earlier innovations by DRDO included <strong>backpack-portable membrane filters<\/strong> capable of functioning in sub-zero conditions, such as in <strong>Siachen and Ladakh<\/strong>, as well as high-altitude <strong>Reverse Osmosis (RO) units<\/strong> that provide drinking water by removing salt and microbes from glacial sources.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The new SWaDeS technology builds on this legacy of <strong>self-sustaining field solutions<\/strong>, combining portability with efficient desalination to address both <strong>saline and brackish water sources<\/strong> \u2014 underscoring India\u2019s capability in developing practical and field-ready defence technologies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Key_Takeaways_from_DRDOs_Portable_Water_Purifier_SWaDeS\"><\/span><strong>Key Takeaways from DRDO\u2019s Portable Water Purifier (SWaDeS)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th><strong>S.No<\/strong><\/th><th><strong>Key Takeaway<\/strong><\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>1.<\/td><td>DRDO developed a portable water purification system called <strong>Sea Water Desalination System (SWaDeS)<\/strong> to meet troops\u2019 drinking water needs.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2.<\/td><td>SWaDeS has <strong>manual and engine-operated variants<\/strong> suitable for diverse field conditions.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>3.<\/td><td>The manual unit can support <strong>10\u201312 personnel<\/strong>, while the engine version serves <strong>20\u201325 soldiers<\/strong>.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4.<\/td><td>It can convert high-salinity water (up to ~35,000 mg\/L TDS) to potable water (&lt;500 mg\/L).<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>5.<\/td><td>The system enhances <strong>military self-sufficiency<\/strong> and aligns with the <strong>Aatmanirbhar Bharat initiative<\/strong>.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">DRDO portable water purifier<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"FAQs_Frequently_Asked_Questions\"><\/span><strong>FAQs: Frequently Asked Questions<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_What_is_SWaDeS_developed_by_DRDO\"><\/span><strong>1. What is SWaDeS developed by DRDO?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">SWaDeS stands for <strong>Sea Water Desalination System<\/strong>, a portable water purification system designed by DRDO to provide <strong>safe drinking water to soldiers in remote, coastal, and high-altitude areas<\/strong>. It converts saline and brackish water into potable water.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_How_many_variants_of_SWaDeS_are_there\"><\/span><strong>2. How many variants of SWaDeS are there?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">There are <strong>two variants<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Manual version<\/strong>: Hand-operated, lightweight, supports 10\u201312 soldiers.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Engine-operated version<\/strong>: Higher capacity, supports 20\u201325 soldiers, purifies highly saline water.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_How_much_salinity_can_SWaDeS_purify\"><\/span><strong>3. How much salinity can SWaDeS purify?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The engine-operated SWaDeS can purify water with a <strong>Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) of up to 35,000 mg\/L<\/strong>, reducing it to safe potable levels below 500 mg\/L.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Why_is_SWaDeS_important_for_the_Indian_military\"><\/span><strong>4. Why is SWaDeS important for the Indian military?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It ensures <strong>operational readiness<\/strong>, reduces dependency on water supply convoys, and allows soldiers to remain hydrated in <strong>remote or challenging terrains<\/strong>, enhancing <strong>defence self-sufficiency<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_Can_SWaDeS_have_civilian_applications\"><\/span><strong>5. Can SWaDeS have civilian applications?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Yes, SWaDeS can be used in <strong>coastal or water-scarce areas<\/strong> for emergency drinking water supply, disaster relief, or field operations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"6_Which_DRDO_lab_developed_SWaDeS\"><\/span><strong>6. Which DRDO lab developed SWaDeS?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It was developed by the <strong>Defence Laboratory, Jodhpur<\/strong>, under DRDO\u2019s water and field technology research initiatives.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"7_How_quickly_can_SWaDeS_be_deployed_in_the_field\"><\/span><strong>7. How quickly can SWaDeS be deployed in the field?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The engine-operated version can be set up within <strong>2\u20133 minutes<\/strong>, making it highly efficient for rapid deployment in remote areas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Some_Important_Current_Affairs_Links\"><\/span>Some Important Current Affairs Links<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--1\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/category\/national\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">State Current Affairs<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--2\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/category\/sports\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Sports Current Affairs<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--3\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/category\/international\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">International Current Affairs<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/category\/banking\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Banking Current Affairs<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/category\/railway\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Railways Current Affairs<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/category\/defence\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Defence Current Affairs<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--4\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs?newsmaticargs=custom&amp;posts=today\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Daily Current Affairs<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--5\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairsinhindi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Current Affairs In Hindi<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--6\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/category\/news-and-notifications\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">News and Notifications<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/play.google.com\/store\/apps\/details?id=com.edunovations.quiz\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"900\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Banner-current-affairs-2-1.jpg\" alt=\"Download this App for Daily Current Affairs MCQ&#039;s\" class=\"wp-image-247\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Banner-current-affairs-2-1.jpg 900w, https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Banner-current-affairs-2-1-300x50.jpg 300w, https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Banner-current-affairs-2-1-768x128.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Download this App for Daily Current Affairs MCQ&#8217;s<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\" id=\"News-Website-Development-Company\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.martindiainfotech.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"900\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/News-Website-Development-Company-Banner.png\" alt=\"News Website Development Company\" class=\"wp-image-438\" title=\"News Website Development Company\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/News-Website-Development-Company-Banner.png 900w, https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/News-Website-Development-Company-Banner-300x50.png 300w, https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/News-Website-Development-Company-Banner-768x128.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">News Website Development Company<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>DRDO portable water purifier SWaDeS developed for soldiers ensures safe drinking water in remote and high-altitude areas. Learn about its features, capacity, and strategic importance for defence preparedness. DRDO Develops Portable Water Purifier for Soldiers in Remote Areas The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) has introduced an innovative portable water purification system aimed at&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":44778,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10,160],"tags":[5347,195,192,450,32707,32704,32706,32705,32703],"class_list":["post-44745","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-national","category-science_and_technology","tag-aatmanirbhar-bharat","tag-defence-technology","tag-drdo","tag-indian-army","tag-indian-defence-research","tag-military-innovations","tag-portable-water-purifier","tag-remote-area-solutions","tag-swades"],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44745","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=44745"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44745\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":44779,"href":"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44745\/revisions\/44779"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/44778"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=44745"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=44745"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=44745"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}