{"id":35939,"date":"2025-07-22T09:50:52","date_gmt":"2025-07-22T04:20:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/?p=35939"},"modified":"2025-07-22T09:56:43","modified_gmt":"2025-07-22T04:26:43","slug":"shubhanshu-shukla-iss-mission","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/shubhanshu-shukla-iss-mission\/","title":{"rendered":"Shubhanshu Shukla ISS Mission 2025: India\u2019s First Astronaut Returns from Space with ISRO Experiments"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/shubhanshu-shukla-iss-mission\/#Shubhanshu_Shukla_ISS_mission_marks_Indias_first_astronaut_aboard_the_space_station_in_2025_returning_with_key_ISRO_microgravity_experiments_vital_for_Gaganyaan_preparations\" >Shubhanshu Shukla ISS mission marks India\u2019s first astronaut aboard the space station in 2025, returning with key ISRO microgravity experiments vital for Gaganyaan preparations.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/shubhanshu-shukla-iss-mission\/#%F0%9F%8C%8C_Indias_Historic_ISS_Homecoming_Shubhanshu_Shukla_Returns_to_Earth\" >\ud83c\udf0c India\u2019s Historic ISS Homecoming: Shubhanshu Shukla Returns to Earth<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/shubhanshu-shukla-iss-mission\/#Mission_Overview\" >Mission Overview<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/shubhanshu-shukla-iss-mission\/#Pioneering_Experiments\" >Pioneering Experiments<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/shubhanshu-shukla-iss-mission\/#Timeline_Highlights\" >Timeline Highlights<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/shubhanshu-shukla-iss-mission\/#Triumphant_Reception\" >Triumphant Reception<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/shubhanshu-shukla-iss-mission\/#Why_This_News_Matters\" >Why This News Matters<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/shubhanshu-shukla-iss-mission\/#Boost_to_Indias_Human_Spaceflight\" >Boost to India\u2019s Human Spaceflight<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/shubhanshu-shukla-iss-mission\/#Technological_Scientific_Gains\" >Technological &amp; Scientific Gains<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/shubhanshu-shukla-iss-mission\/#Inspirational_Value\" >Inspirational Value<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/shubhanshu-shukla-iss-mission\/#Historical_Context\" >Historical Context<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/shubhanshu-shukla-iss-mission\/#1_From_Rakesh_Sharma_to_Shubhanshu_Shukla\" >1. From Rakesh Sharma to Shubhanshu Shukla<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/shubhanshu-shukla-iss-mission\/#2_Rise_of_Commercial_Space_Missions\" >2. Rise of Commercial Space Missions<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/shubhanshu-shukla-iss-mission\/#3_Gaganyaans_Path\" >3. Gaganyaan\u2019s Path<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/shubhanshu-shukla-iss-mission\/#Key_Takeaways_from_%E2%80%9CShubhanshu_Shuklas_ISS_Mission%E2%80%9D\" >Key Takeaways from &#8220;Shubhanshu Shukla\u2019s ISS Mission&#8221;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/shubhanshu-shukla-iss-mission\/#FAQs_Frequently_Asked_Questions\" >FAQs: Frequently Asked Questions<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/shubhanshu-shukla-iss-mission\/#1_Who_is_Group_Captain_Shubhanshu_Shukla\" >1. Who is Group Captain Shubhanshu Shukla?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/shubhanshu-shukla-iss-mission\/#2_When_did_Shubhanshu_Shukla_return_to_Earth\" >2. When did Shubhanshu Shukla return to Earth?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/shubhanshu-shukla-iss-mission\/#3_What_was_the_purpose_of_his_mission\" >3. What was the purpose of his mission?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/shubhanshu-shukla-iss-mission\/#4_How_is_this_mission_different_from_Rakesh_Sharmas\" >4. How is this mission different from Rakesh Sharma\u2019s?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/shubhanshu-shukla-iss-mission\/#5_What_is_the_significance_of_the_Ax-4_mission_for_India\" >5. What is the significance of the Ax-4 mission for India?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/shubhanshu-shukla-iss-mission\/#Some_Important_Current_Affairs_Links\" >Some Important Current Affairs Links<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Shubhanshu_Shukla_ISS_mission_marks_Indias_first_astronaut_aboard_the_space_station_in_2025_returning_with_key_ISRO_microgravity_experiments_vital_for_Gaganyaan_preparations\"><\/span><strong>Shubhanshu Shukla ISS mission marks India\u2019s first astronaut aboard the space station in 2025, returning with key ISRO microgravity experiments vital for Gaganyaan preparations.<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%F0%9F%8C%8C_Indias_Historic_ISS_Homecoming_Shubhanshu_Shukla_Returns_to_Earth\"><\/span>\ud83c\udf0c India\u2019s Historic ISS Homecoming: Shubhanshu Shukla Returns to Earth<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Mission_Overview\"><\/span>Mission Overview<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Indian Air Force Group Captain Shubhanshu\u202fShukla, part of Axiom Space\u2019s Ax\u20114 mission, safely splashed down off San Diego on July\u202f15, 2025, at around 15:01\u202fIST, after nearly 18 days aboard the International Space Station (ISS). He became the <strong>first Indian astronaut to visit<\/strong> the ISS and the <strong>second Indian in space<\/strong>, following Rakesh Sharma\u2019s 1984 flight<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pioneering_Experiments\"><\/span>Pioneering Experiments<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>During his mission, Shukla conducted <strong>seven ISRO-designed experiments<\/strong>, including studies on microgravity effects on stem cells, muscle degradation supplements, microalgae growth, and seed germination\u2014important for future long-duration missions like Gaganyaan <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Timeline_Highlights\"><\/span>Timeline Highlights<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Launch<\/strong>: Lift-off on June 25, 2025, aboard SpaceX Falcon 9 from Kennedy Space Center <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Docking<\/strong>: Entered ISS on June 26, 2025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>On\u2011orbit Stay<\/strong>: Conducted experiments, shared live outreach with PM Modi and students, and took part in zero\u2011gravity demos <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Return<\/strong>: Undocked July 14, splashed down July 15, followed by post-flight recovery and rehabilitation <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Triumphant_Reception\"><\/span>Triumphant Reception<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Prime Minister Narendra Modi praised Shukla for inspiring <em>&#8220;a billion dreams&#8221;<\/em> and reaffirmed this mission as a stepping stone toward <strong>Gaganyaan<\/strong>, India\u2019s indigenous crewed spaceflight Defence Minister Rajnath Singh also expressed pride, speaking to Shukla\u2019s father <\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\" id=\"Shubhanshu-Shukla-ISS-mission\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/static.toiimg.com\/thumb\/msid-122429482,imgsize-42834,width-400,resizemode-4\/122429482.jpg\" alt=\"Shubhanshu Shukla ISS mission\" title=\"Shubhanshu Shukla ISS mission\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Shubhanshu Shukla ISS mission<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Why_This_News_Matters\"><\/span>Why This News Matters<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Boost_to_Indias_Human_Spaceflight\"><\/span>Boost to India\u2019s Human Spaceflight<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Shukla\u2019s mission breaks a <strong>41-year hiatus<\/strong> in Indian human spaceflight and places India among nations conducting active ISS missions  The real-time collaboration with NASA, ESA, and SpaceX demonstrates India\u2019s growing edge in space diplomacy and science partnerships.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Technological_Scientific_Gains\"><\/span>Technological &amp; Scientific Gains<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The <strong>seven microgravity experiments<\/strong> on vital sectors like tissue engineering, agriculture, and human physiology pave the way for Gaganyaan\u2019s mission-readiness. Insights from living in orbit will shape training, design, and safety protocols for future missions <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Inspirational_Value\"><\/span>Inspirational Value<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Shukla\u2019s live communications\u2014through amateur radio and video calls\u2014with students and PM Modi serve twin roles: boosting public awareness and motivating India\u2019s next generation of scientists and explorers <\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Historical_Context\"><\/span>Historical Context<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_From_Rakesh_Sharma_to_Shubhanshu_Shukla\"><\/span>1. From Rakesh Sharma to Shubhanshu Shukla<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>1984:<\/strong> Wing Commander Rakesh Sharma became the first Indian in space aboard the Soviet Soyuz T\u201111, marking India\u2019s first human spaceflight.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>2025:<\/strong> After four decades, Shukla steps onto the ISS, transitioning from diplomatic orbit to scientific objectives\u2014a leap from symbolism to utility <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Rise_of_Commercial_Space_Missions\"><\/span>2. Rise of Commercial Space Missions<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Unlike Sharma\u2019s state-sponsored flight, Shukla flew aboard a <strong>private commercial mission<\/strong>\u2014Axiom Space\u2019s Ax\u20114\u2014representing a global shift toward commercialised human spaceflight <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Gaganyaans_Path\"><\/span>3. Gaganyaan\u2019s Path<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Shukla\u2019s successful orbital stint and data return inform India\u2019s <strong>Gaganyaan<\/strong> mission, scheduled for 2027. His flight offers essential experience for crew selection, health studies, and mission planning <\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Key_Takeaways_from_%E2%80%9CShubhanshu_Shuklas_ISS_Mission%E2%80%9D\"><\/span>Key Takeaways from &#8220;Shubhanshu Shukla\u2019s ISS Mission&#8221;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>No.<\/th><th>Key Takeaway<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>1.&nbsp;<\/td><td><strong>First Indian on ISS:<\/strong> Shukla is the first Indian astronaut to visit the ISS, and the second Indian in space after Rakesh Sharma <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2.&nbsp;<\/td><td><strong>Seven ISRO Experiments:<\/strong> Conducted microgravity research on stem cells, microalgae, seed germination, muscle-atrophy supplements, etc. <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>3.&nbsp;<\/td><td><strong>41-Year Gap Ended:<\/strong> India resumes human spaceflight after a four-decade hiatus following Sharma\u2019s mission<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4.&nbsp;<\/td><td><strong>International Collaboration:<\/strong> Ax\u20114 mission highlights global cooperation\u2014ISRO, NASA, ESA, SpaceX\u2014in crewed space science.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>5.&nbsp;<\/td><td><strong>Pathway to Gaganyaan:<\/strong> Findings and operational experience directly support India\u2019s upcoming indigenous crewed mission <\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Shubhanshu Shukla ISS mission<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"FAQs_Frequently_Asked_Questions\"><\/span><strong>FAQs: Frequently Asked Questions<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Who_is_Group_Captain_Shubhanshu_Shukla\"><\/span>1. Who is Group Captain Shubhanshu Shukla?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Group Captain Shubhanshu Shukla is an Indian Air Force officer and astronaut who became the <strong>first Indian to visit the International Space Station (ISS)<\/strong> as part of the Axiom Space Ax-4 mission in 2025.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_When_did_Shubhanshu_Shukla_return_to_Earth\"><\/span>2. When did Shubhanshu Shukla return to Earth?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>He returned to Earth on <strong>July 15, 2025<\/strong>, after an <strong>18-day mission<\/strong> aboard the ISS.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_What_was_the_purpose_of_his_mission\"><\/span>3. What was the purpose of his mission?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The mission aimed to <strong>conduct seven experiments<\/strong> developed by ISRO, focused on microgravity&#8217;s effects on biology, agriculture, and human physiology, to gather data for the upcoming <strong>Gaganyaan mission<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_How_is_this_mission_different_from_Rakesh_Sharmas\"><\/span>4. How is this mission different from Rakesh Sharma\u2019s?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Rakesh Sharma flew to space in 1984 aboard a Soviet mission. In contrast, Shukla\u2019s mission was part of a <strong>commercial space flight<\/strong>, representing <strong>India\u2019s entry into international collaboration<\/strong> in space research and diplomacy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_What_is_the_significance_of_the_Ax-4_mission_for_India\"><\/span>5. What is the significance of the Ax-4 mission for India?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Ax-4 mission is <strong>India\u2019s first human spaceflight to the ISS<\/strong> and serves as a testbed for technologies and training that will be used in the <strong>Gaganyaan crewed mission<\/strong> by ISRO.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Some_Important_Current_Affairs_Links\"><\/span>Some Important Current Affairs Links<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--1\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/category\/national\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">State Current Affairs<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--2\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/category\/sports\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Sports Current Affairs<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--3\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/category\/international\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">International Current Affairs<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/category\/banking\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Banking Current Affairs<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/category\/railway\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Railways Current Affairs<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/category\/defence\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Defence Current Affairs<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--4\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs?newsmaticargs=custom&amp;posts=today\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Daily Current Affairs<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--5\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairsinhindi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Current Affairs In Hindi<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div 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