{"id":32734,"date":"2025-04-15T13:42:28","date_gmt":"2025-04-15T08:12:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/?p=32734"},"modified":"2025-04-16T13:44:53","modified_gmt":"2025-04-16T08:14:53","slug":"supreme-court","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/tamil_nadu\/supreme-court\/","title":{"rendered":"Supreme Court Ruling on State Bills: 3-Month Deadline for Presidential Assent | Key Constitutional Implications"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_83 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/tamil_nadu\/supreme-court\/#Background_of_the_Case\" >Background of the Case<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/tamil_nadu\/supreme-court\/#%E2%9A%96%EF%B8%8F_Supreme_Courts_Ruling\" >\u2696\ufe0f Supreme Court&#8217;s Ruling<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/tamil_nadu\/supreme-court\/#%F0%9F%95%8A%EF%B8%8F_Implications_for_Federal_Governance\" >\ud83d\udd4a\ufe0f Implications for Federal Governance<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/tamil_nadu\/supreme-court\/#%F0%9F%93%9A_Relevance_for_Government_Exams\" >\ud83d\udcda Relevance for Government Exams<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/tamil_nadu\/supreme-court\/#%E2%9D%97_Why_This_News_is_Important\" >\u2757 Why This News is Important<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/tamil_nadu\/supreme-court\/#%F0%9F%A7%AD_Clarity_in_Constitutional_Processes\" >\ud83e\udded Clarity in Constitutional Processes<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/tamil_nadu\/supreme-court\/#%F0%9F%95%B0%EF%B8%8F_Promotion_of_Timely_Legislative_Action\" >\ud83d\udd70\ufe0f Promotion of Timely Legislative Action<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/tamil_nadu\/supreme-court\/#%E2%9A%96%EF%B8%8F_Strengthening_of_Judicial_Oversight\" >\u2696\ufe0f Strengthening of Judicial Oversight<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/tamil_nadu\/supreme-court\/#%F0%9F%95%B0%EF%B8%8F_Historical_Context\" >\ud83d\udd70\ufe0f Historical Context<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/tamil_nadu\/supreme-court\/#%F0%9F%8F%9B%EF%B8%8F_Article_201_of_the_Constitution\" >\ud83c\udfdb\ufe0f Article 201 of the Constitution<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/tamil_nadu\/supreme-court\/#%F0%9F%93%9C_Previous_Instances_of_Delay\" >\ud83d\udcdc Previous Instances of Delay<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/tamil_nadu\/supreme-court\/#%F0%9F%93%8C_Key_Takeaways_from_%E2%80%9CSC_Sets_3-Month_Deadline_for_Presidential_Assent%E2%80%9D\" >\ud83d\udccc Key Takeaways from &#8220;SC Sets 3-Month Deadline for Presidential Assent&#8221;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/tamil_nadu\/supreme-court\/#FAQs_Related_to_the_Supreme_Courts_Ruling\" >FAQs Related to the Supreme Court&#8217;s Ruling<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/tamil_nadu\/supreme-court\/#1_What_is_the_Supreme_Courts_ruling_on_bills_reserved_by_Governors\" >1. What is the Supreme Court&#8217;s ruling on bills reserved by Governors?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/tamil_nadu\/supreme-court\/#2_What_does_Article_201_of_the_Indian_Constitution_deal_with\" >2. What does Article 201 of the Indian Constitution deal with?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/tamil_nadu\/supreme-court\/#3_Why_is_this_ruling_significant_for_Indian_federalism\" >3. Why is this ruling significant for Indian federalism?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/tamil_nadu\/supreme-court\/#4_How_does_this_judgment_affect_state_legislative_processes\" >4. How does this judgment affect state legislative processes?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/tamil_nadu\/supreme-court\/#5_What_was_the_role_of_the_judiciary_in_this_case\" >5. What was the role of the judiciary in this case?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/national\/tamil_nadu\/supreme-court\/#Some_Important_Current_Affairs_Links\" >Some Important Current Affairs Links<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Background_of_the_Case\"><\/span><strong>Background of the Case<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In a landmark judgment delivered on April 8, 2025, the Supreme Court of India addressed the issue of delays in the assent process for state bills reserved by Governors under Article 201 of the Constitution. The case, <em>State of Tamil Nadu vs. Governor of Tamil Nadu<\/em>, involved the Governor withholding assent to 10 bills passed by the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly .<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%9A%96%EF%B8%8F_Supreme_Courts_Ruling\"><\/span>\u2696\ufe0f <strong>Supreme Court&#8217;s Ruling<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The bench comprising Justices JB Pardiwala and R Mahadevan ruled that the President must decide on bills reserved by Governors within three months from the date of reference. The Court emphasized that indefinite delays are unconstitutional and violate the principle of non-arbitrariness .<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%F0%9F%95%8A%EF%B8%8F_Implications_for_Federal_Governance\"><\/span>\ud83d\udd4a\ufe0f <strong>Implications for Federal Governance<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This ruling redefines the relationship between the Centre and states, reinforcing the principles of cooperative federalism. By setting a clear timeline, the Court ensures that state legislation is not unduly delayed, thereby promoting efficient governance .<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%F0%9F%93%9A_Relevance_for_Government_Exams\"><\/span>\ud83d\udcda <strong>Relevance for Government Exams<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Understanding this judgment is crucial for students preparing for civil services and other government exams. It touches upon constitutional law, the separation of powers, and the functioning of federal institutions, all of which are integral topics in these examinations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\" id=\"President-assent-on-state-bills\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"311\" height=\"162\" src=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/download-4-7.jpeg\" alt=\"President assent on state bills\" class=\"wp-image-32735\" style=\"width:840px;height:auto\" title=\"President assent on state bills\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/download-4-7.jpeg 311w, https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/download-4-7-300x156.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 311px) 100vw, 311px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">President assent on state bills<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%9D%97_Why_This_News_is_Important\"><\/span>\u2757 Why This News is Important<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%F0%9F%A7%AD_Clarity_in_Constitutional_Processes\"><\/span>\ud83e\udded <strong>Clarity in Constitutional Processes<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Supreme Court&#8217;s decision brings clarity to the process outlined in Article 201, where previously no specific timeline existed for the President&#8217;s decision on bills reserved by Governors. This lack of clarity often led to prolonged uncertainties and administrative delays.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%F0%9F%95%B0%EF%B8%8F_Promotion_of_Timely_Legislative_Action\"><\/span>\ud83d\udd70\ufe0f <strong>Promotion of Timely Legislative Action<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">By mandating a three-month deadline, the Court promotes timely legislative action, ensuring that bills passed by state assemblies are not held up indefinitely. This enhances the efficiency of the legislative process and upholds the democratic principle that elected representatives&#8217; decisions should be respected and acted upon promptly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%9A%96%EF%B8%8F_Strengthening_of_Judicial_Oversight\"><\/span>\u2696\ufe0f <strong>Strengthening of Judicial Oversight<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The ruling underscores the role of the judiciary in overseeing the functioning of constitutional offices. It affirms that the President&#8217;s functions under Article 201 are amenable to judicial review, ensuring accountability and transparency in the legislative process.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%F0%9F%95%B0%EF%B8%8F_Historical_Context\"><\/span>\ud83d\udd70\ufe0f Historical Context<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%F0%9F%8F%9B%EF%B8%8F_Article_201_of_the_Constitution\"><\/span>\ud83c\udfdb\ufe0f <strong>Article 201 of the Constitution<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Article 201 of the Indian Constitution deals with the President&#8217;s powers concerning state bills reserved by Governors. It stipulates that the President may either assent to the bill or withhold assent. However, the Constitution does not specify a time frame within which the President must act, leading to ambiguities and delays in the legislative process.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%F0%9F%93%9C_Previous_Instances_of_Delay\"><\/span>\ud83d\udcdc <strong>Previous Instances of Delay<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Prior to this ruling, there were several instances where Governors withheld assent to state bills for extended periods, leading to administrative bottlenecks and legal challenges. The most notable case involved the Tamil Nadu Governor withholding assent to 10 bills passed by the state assembly, some of which were pending since 2020 .<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%F0%9F%93%8C_Key_Takeaways_from_%E2%80%9CSC_Sets_3-Month_Deadline_for_Presidential_Assent%E2%80%9D\"><\/span>\ud83d\udccc Key Takeaways from &#8220;SC Sets 3-Month Deadline for Presidential Assent&#8221;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>S.No.<\/th><th>Key Takeaway<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>1<\/td><td>The Supreme Court has mandated that the President must decide on bills reserved by Governors within three months.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2<\/td><td>Indefinite delays in assenting to state bills are deemed unconstitutional.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>3<\/td><td>The ruling emphasizes the importance of timely legislative action in a democratic setup.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4<\/td><td>The decision reinforces the role of judicial oversight in the functioning of constitutional offices.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>5<\/td><td>This judgment has significant implications for the functioning of federal institutions in India.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">President assent on state bills<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"FAQs_Related_to_the_Supreme_Courts_Ruling\"><\/span><strong>FAQs Related to the Supreme Court&#8217;s Ruling<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_What_is_the_Supreme_Courts_ruling_on_bills_reserved_by_Governors\"><\/span>1. <strong>What is the Supreme Court&#8217;s ruling on bills reserved by Governors?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Supreme Court of India has ruled that the <strong>President<\/strong> must decide on <strong>state bills reserved by Governors<\/strong> within <strong>three months<\/strong> from the date of reference. This ruling ensures that such bills are not held up indefinitely.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_What_does_Article_201_of_the_Indian_Constitution_deal_with\"><\/span>2. <strong>What does Article 201 of the Indian Constitution deal with?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Article 201 of the Constitution deals with the <strong>President&#8217;s powers<\/strong> concerning <strong>state bills reserved by Governors<\/strong>. It allows the President to either assent to the bill, withhold assent, or return the bill to the legislature for reconsideration.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Why_is_this_ruling_significant_for_Indian_federalism\"><\/span>3. <strong>Why is this ruling significant for Indian federalism?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The ruling strengthens <strong>cooperative federalism<\/strong> by ensuring timely action on state legislation, preventing undue delays in the functioning of state governments, and reaffirming the constitutional balance between the Centre and the states.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_How_does_this_judgment_affect_state_legislative_processes\"><\/span>4. <strong>How does this judgment affect state legislative processes?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This ruling promotes <strong>efficiency<\/strong> in the <strong>legislative process<\/strong> by ensuring that the bills passed by state assemblies are acted upon without unnecessary delays. It reaffirms the principle that elected representatives&#8217; decisions should be respected and acted upon in a timely manner.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_What_was_the_role_of_the_judiciary_in_this_case\"><\/span>5. <strong>What was the role of the judiciary in this case?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The judiciary exercised its role in <strong>ensuring accountability<\/strong> and <strong>transparency<\/strong> by reviewing the President&#8217;s functions under Article 201. It emphasized that the President\u2019s actions in this context are subject to judicial review.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Some_Important_Current_Affairs_Links\"><\/span>Some Important Current Affairs Links<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--1\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/category\/national\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">State Current Affairs<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--2\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/category\/sports\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Sports Current Affairs<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--3\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/category\/international\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">International Current Affairs<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/category\/banking\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Banking Current Affairs<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/edunovations.com\/currentaffairs\/category\/railway\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Railways Current Affairs<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" 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